GOUT: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Abstract

Gout is a type of rheumatic disease that occurs when there is an excessive accumulation of uric acid in the body, which is known as hyperuricemia. Gout causes many changes and effects the body in a very bad way by causing joint pain that comes and goes, it can also cause inflammation which is nothing but the by-product of accumulated monosodium urate crystals in the body which is also known as tophi it is found in the synovial fluid and lining. Hyperuricemia, as suggested by its name is a condition which is caused when there is build-up of uric acid in the body by either increased production of uric acid or reduced excretion of uric acid, either can cause of hyperuricemia. Treatment of gout involves managing hyperuricemia through various interventions such as dietary and lifestyle modifications, as well as the use of pharmacologic agents to lower urate levels. Additionally, acute gouty arthritis can be managed with medications such as colchicine, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and/or corticosteroids. It is important to note that pharmacists play a crucial role in patient education and improving the overall care of patients with gout. Newer pharmaceuticals in the medical arsenal are demonstrating their effectiveness and complementing established medications. Additional significant aspects in the management of gout involve educating patients, implementing dietary and lifestyle modifications, and discontinuing hyperuricemia drugs.